PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants required a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck twice in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 years.